A framework agreement has been signed between India and the USA that will help ensure a stable flow of important metals and rare earth minerals required to manufacture semiconductors, EV engines, and military technology. The framework agreement was reached in New Delhi and is expected to lower dependence on China, which currently controls the manufacturing of 90 percent of the minerals. Apart from the agreement made between the two nations, the Quad group of nations (US, India, Japan, and Australia) have announced a strategy to invest around $20 billion in resilient mining and recycling infrastructure.